Powering Alignment and Empathy in Agile Teams

Agile is about being flexible and always getting better—essential for delivering great software. But when scaling agile across teams in a program, being adaptable and flexible is easier said than done. In this post, we'll dig into the ins and outs of agile program management to help you:

• Tackle common challenges
• Use metrics and feedback loops to keep improving
• Leverage leadership for the best chance of success

By identifying some clear and actionable steps that you can start implementing now, you’ll improve your approach to program management and make your software delivery smoother and more efficient.

Overcoming Common Challenges in Agile Program Management

From dealing with dependencies to managing stakeholder expectations and balancing speed with quality, here are some challenges you might face now.

Dealing with Dependencies

Dependencies are a necessary part of working on complex software, and they need to be managed carefully to avoid disrupting delivery schedules.

Identifying dependencies early is key to keeping things running smoothly. By spotting potential bottlenecks early, like during PI Planning, we can nip them in the bud before they turn into major headaches, and:

• allocate resources more effectively
• streamline communication across teams
• keep everyone on the same page with a shared timeline.

Maintain clear communication channels and regular alignment meetings to address dependencies swiftly and efficiently. This helps everything stay in sync, and hopefully avoids last-minute 'surprises', for a more reliable delivery.

Managing Stakeholder Expectations

We can't deliver complex software on our own, so ensuring that our colleagues are informed and onboard is critical. Managing expectations across a large program is a complex challenge, but you'll be off to a great start if you are able to keep communication consistent:

• Regular Updates: Keep the lines of communication open and honest, and provide frequent updates to keep everyone in the loop.
• Be Transparent: Maintain a central source of truth for project information that everyone has access to, ensuring that objectives, milestones and priorities are clear.
• Set Realistic Expectations: Avoid over-promising and stay realistic about what can be achieved.
• Prioritize and Manage Feedback: Inevitably, there will be changes in priorities or feedback from stakeholders. It's important to have a process for managing these requests and ensuring they align with the program goals.

Agile tools that offer clear visibility into objectives, dependencies, and progress, can be the bridge between your development teams and stakeholders in leadership and other parts of the business.

By focusing on these areas, you’re not just managing expectations—you’re making sure everyone is part of the process.

The bridge between development teams and leadership, with objectives, milestones and dependencies all in one. Watch a demo or try for yourself.

Easy Agile Programs

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Balancing Speed with Quality

In a perfect world, we would all deliver amazing software that our customers love, at lightning speed. But the reality is that balancing time-to-market with quality is an ongoing challenge.

Agile practices like organizing work to deliver incrementally are part of the solution; they help identify problems early and deliver in a way that makes more sense than following a Gantt chart until the timelines blow out and it all falls over.

So while agile won’t make your development teams type faster, it can help them, as well as your colleagues in Product, and QA, learn what works faster, and how they can collaborate better to deliver work with quality.

Metrics and Feedback Loops

Metrics can be a powerful tool in agile program management. Velocity, burn-down charts, cycle time, lead time, and dependency reports can give valuable insights into how our teams are performing and how our projects are progressing.

• Velocity: Long-term trends help us understand team commitment over time, and estimate what can be achieved going into a sprint.
• Burn-down charts: Valuable for gauging progress throughout execution and spotting barriers to delivery.
• Cycle time: Uncover inefficiencies or bottlenecks where tasks are likely to get delayed or stuck.
• Lead time: Use the difference between an expected lead time and the actual lead time, as a starting point for understanding where delivery is being held up.
• Dependency reports: Use a snapshot of dependencies in your program to understand how teams are dependent on each other and where the biggest risks are.

Monitoring these metrics will give you a clearer picture of where work is progressing well and where you might need to make adjustments. Think of them as your project’s health check-up; a temperature check that can improve the predictability of your release.

With powerful dependency reports, you can identify bottlenecks, streamline communication, and keep your projects on track.

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Establishing Effective Feedback Loops

Feedback loops are integral to delivering software with market fit. Sprint reviews and retrospectives offer teams the opportunity to reflect on their performance, identify areas for improvement, and make necessary adjustments. DevOps practices like continuous integration further ensure that the code is consistently tested and integrated, reducing the risk of significant issues going unnoticed.

Using metrics and feedback loops allows teams to deliver software with greater predictability and transparency. Applying these practices consistently across a program means that you're better able to manage the planning and execution of work to deliver complex software to your customers in a predictable way.

The Role of Leadership in Agile Program Management

Great leadership is key to building an agile culture. It's not just about making decisions from the top; it's understanding team needs and clearing the way for them to be effective. But old 'command and control' habits are difficult to break.

As a program manager, you're the glue that connects the strategic vision of leadership with the hands-on work of development teams. Keep those communication lines open and reciprocal, so everyone understands the business goals and the strategic importance of their tasks, as well as progress and barriers to execution.

• Use agile tools to maintain a central source of truth, to give everyone a clear view of project progress and potential roadblocks.
• Foster a culture of regular feedback and continuous improvement. This proactive approach helps tackle challenges head-on and keeps everyone aligned with business objectives.
• Promote transparency and adaptability to help teams quickly adjust to changing priorities.

Keep these things in mind to help you plan and deliver with confidence. You may be the glue that holds it all together, but you can't be everything for everyone. Enlist help where you need it, and encourage an open and transparent culture where strategic priorities are understood, and everyone can see how the focus of their work contributes to the bigger picture.

An Agile Approach to Change

Taking a new approach to program management doesn’t need to be daunting. Once you’ve identified the changes that make sense for you, take an agile approach and implement incrementally. Every small change you make adds up over time and can lead to measurable improvement.

How Easy Agile Programs Can Help

Easy Agile Programs is a Jira integration that supports agile program management. It is a central source of truth for the issues, milestones, team objectives, and dependencies that make up a program of work.

Dependency maps and reports help you see the nature of cross-team dependencies clearly, so you and your teams can reorganize to avoid roadblocks that would otherwise blow out timelines with unexpected delays.

Easy to set up and tightly integrated with Jira, Easy Agile Programs supports scaled team planning and execution so you have greater confidence in delivering great software as each program increment begins.

How well do you know your customers?

🧐 Well, you know they use your product…

🧑‍💻 You sometimes write user stories for them, but not based an any particular persona…

🕵️ You did talk to a customer once; it was interesting, but now you aren’t sure where those notes went…

So that you can provide value to your customers, you really do need to get to know them well. What are the goals, motivations, and pain points that bring them to your product?

This is pretty important stuff, so let’s take a look at 7 reasons why it’s good to have a healthy level of customer obsession in your agile teams...

1. Agile and customer value go hand-in-hand

Agile is all about the customer. At least, it should be.

It’s right there in the first two agile principles:

(1) Our highest priority is to satisfy the customer through early and continuous delivery of valuable software.

(2) Welcome changing requirements, even late in development. Agile processes harness change for the customer’s competitive advantage.

Manifesto For Agile Software Development

If you want to take an agile approach, you’ll definitely be putting your users at the heart of your development.

2. Each sprint should deliver a better product, and more value, for your customers

One reason why agile should (in theory - we’ll expand on this shortly) benefit your customers is that every two to four weeks, you’ll ship something new. It may not be a whole new feature each time, but every update, UI improvement, and even every bug fix is delivery of incremental improvement.

This is kind of a big deal when you compare it to traditional project management approaches.

With a waterfall approach, customers could be waiting months or even years before seeing any changes. In many cases, by the time updates were released, customers, technologies, and requirements had moved on.

But by taking an agile approach, you:

• Consider and incorporate user requested updates, features, and changes at any time
• Regularly add new features to a roadmap and incrementally roll them out in weeks or months, rather than years
• Can see early on if something’s not working, because you invite your users to report issues and provide feedback right away
• Show your users how the product is developing and growing
• Keep your product moving forward, and the customer is moving forward with it
• Grow the value your product provides to your customers over time.

However, it’s important to note that all of these really awesome benefits only apply if you’re prioritising your backlog and choosing features with your customers’ best interests at heart.

3. Agile teams need to know what’s valuable to their customers

“There is a chasm between the output of a team and successful outcomes for their customers. And the success of a team is measured by outcomes, not code.”

Nick Muldoon, CEO and Co-Founder, Easy Agile

Your customers have their own priorities, and they won’t align with the priorities of your business unless you make your customers the primary concern of your business.

Your developers likely want to work on projects that they find exciting or fulfilling, so the best way to motivate your agile teams is by building empathy with the people they’re building for. The most successful teams get a kick out of delivering the features that matter most to their customers. Because if you’re not solving their most important problems, your customers will find someone else who will solve them.

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4. Customer focus leads to better quality products

When you’re obsessed with your customers, you deliver products that actually matter.

Your whole business, from leadership, to engineering, to HR and Marketing; all need to stay focussed on the people that your business is aiming to attract. When your development teams understand your customers and develop with them in mind, there’s a much better chance that they’ll build the right things at the right time for the right people. And this is critical to the success of your product and organisation.

It’s also a great way to avoid building bloated products with unnecessary features.

5. An agile customer focus is better for planning and prioritising

The worst backlogs are huge ‘to-do’ lists; task focussed and likely to be out of date. The best backlogs however, align with the customer journey, are informed by feedback from your customers, and attempt to tackle their greatest pain points.

Without a solid understanding of your customers to inform your backlog, you could end up planning sprints, versions or even entire increments that don’t deliver anything useful or move the product forward for users. And that’s a pretty costly risk.

6. Customer feedback makes agile teams better

Teams who are obsessed with customers love getting customer feedback, whether it’s via customer interviews, surveys or just having a chat about their experience.

Customer feedback is incredibly powerful because it can help you:

• Understand your customers - Know what their biggest problems are and what they care about most
• Motivate your agile team - Help your team understand the problems they’re solving, the difference they’re making, and that their work is meaningful
• Spot trends and patterns - Ensure your product adapts to what’s in demand right now and what your customers will need in the future
• Make better products - Find out what’s not working so you can fix it
• Track your progress - See whether customers are happier with your product over time
• Stay relevant - Because products and companies that solve problems stick around long-term
• Get buy in - When your customers are involved in the process, they’ll feel more committed to the product, which can reduce churn
• Improve retention - Reduce churn and keep your customers for longer when you incorporate their feedback and ideas into your product
• Make data-informed decisions - Stop relying on your assumptions and let the data drive your strategy

So customer feedback is obviously awesome, but what do you actually DO with it? How do you share it with the team and turn it into actions? Well, that’s where user story mapping comes in.

7. Agile user story mapping is all about the customer

Most agile teams run user story mapping sessions to discuss what functions and features are needed in the product. User stories maps are a visual tool for customer focused development, ensuring your customer journey stays front and center throughout development.

This is where customer feedback comes into play. When your team can access a wealth of feedback from users, they can write user stories informed by real data. This gives them a much better chance of prioritizing features that will add value to users right away. Faster time-to-value. Sounds great right?

This makes backlog prioritization and sprint or version planning so much simpler, because the whole team shares a picture of what is important to the people who use what they are building. The team knows what they should prioritise next.

Improving your customer-focus is a solid strategy.

If your team isn’t exactly obsessed with your customers, maybe it’s time to change that?

Because if you’re focusing on your customers, you’ll make more of the right decisions about what products, features, and requirements you need to work on. You may not get it right every time, but if you’re involving your customers, you’ll soon learn what doesn’t work. Your team will find it easier to make decisions, you’ll waste less time, and you’ll build a better product, that keeps getting better.

Win win.

Sometimes the idea of writing user stories can seem like another "thing" on top of an already busy workload. But for software development teams who are looking to lead their own improvement and deliver software that works for their customers, writing effective user stories is the first step.

If you’re reading this post, it means you want to learn what will work best for the people who use your software, and improve how you approach software development. That's great! Our goal at Easy Agile is to help you do that.

So let’s start with why good user stories are important.

Why write user stories?

You may wonder why you should write user stories rather than writing features or tasks instead.

If this sounds like you, you might not yet have seen the value of writing user stories, and that they serve a very different purpose to writing features or tasks.

It’s easy to get buried in a cycle of feature development that lacks context. The objective becomes more about clearing your way through a large backlog than building solutions that add value for your customers. To build successful software, you need to focus on the needs of the people who will be using it. Your human customers. User stories bring that context and perspective into the development cycle.

What is a user story?

A user story helps agile software development teams to empathize with their customers. Written from the customer (or user) perspective, user stories help the development team understand what they need to build, and why they need to build it.

User stories are simplified, high-level descriptions of a user’s requirements written from that end user’s perspective. A user story is not a contextless feature, written in “dev” speak.

A User Story = the 'what'

A user story describes a piece of functionality from the point of view of the user.

User stories divide features into business processes.

A task = the 'how'

Tasks are the activities that need to be performed to deliver an outcome.

Tasks are individual pieces of work.

How do we write user stories?

You might like to think of a user story as an ‘equation’:

As a [user] + I want [intent] + so that [value]

Let’s break this down further;

As a [user] — this is the WHO. Who are we building this for? Who is the user?

I want [intention] — this is the WHAT. What are we building? What is the intent?

So that [value] — this is the WHY. Why are we building it? What is the value for the customer?

Let’s look at a few simple examples;

As an internet banking customer

I want to see a rolling balance for my everyday accounts

So that I can keep track of my spending after each transaction is applied

OR

As an administrator

I want to be able to create other administrators for certain projects

So that I can delegate tasks more efficiently

Following this equation, teams should make sure that their user stories are ticking all of the following checkboxes:

To write successful user stories:

• Keep them short
• Keep them simple
• Write from the perspective of the user
• Make the value or benefit of the story clear
• Describe one piece of functionality
• Write user stories as a team
• Use acceptance criteria to show an MVP.

Acceptance Criteria

User stories allow agile teams to balance the needs, wants and values of their customers with the activities they need to accomplish to provide that value.

The link pairing these two things together is acceptance criteria.

Acceptance Criteria or ‘conditions of satisfaction’, provide a detailed scope of user requirements. They help the team understand the value of the user story and help the team know when they can consider something to be done.

Acceptance Criteria Goals

Acceptance criteria should:

• clarify what the team should build before they start work
• ensure a common understanding of the problem or needs of the customer
• help team members know when the story is complete
• help verify the story via automated tests.

Let’s look at an example of a completed user story with acceptance criteria:

As a potential conference attendee, I want to be able to register for the conference online, so that registration is simple and paperless.

Acceptance Criteria:

• Conference Attendance Form
• A user cannot submit a form without filling out all of the mandatory fields (First Name, Last Name, Company Name, Email Address, Position Title, Billing Information)
• Information from the form is stored in the registration database
• Protection against spam is working
• Payment can be made via Paypal, Debit, or Credit Card
• An acknowledgment email is sent to the attendee after submitting the form

With this in mind, teams should make sure that their acceptance criteria considers all of the following:

• Negative scenarios of the functionality
• Functional and non-functional use cases
• Performance concerns and guidelines
• What the system or feature intends to do
• End-to-user flow
• The impact of a user story on other features
• UX concerns

Acceptance criteria should NOT include the following:

• Code review was done
• Non-blocker or major issues
• Performance testing performed
• Acceptance and functional testing done
  

Why?

Your acceptance criteria should not include any of the above, because your team should already have a clear understanding of what your Definition of Done (DoD) includes, for instance:

• unit/integrated testing
• ready for acceptance test
• deployed on demo server
• releasable

Writing effective user stories is a valuable practice that will help you and your team deliver software that stays relevant for your customers.

When you embrace user stories as more than just another task on your checklist, but instead view them as an essential tool for creating context and value for your projects, you can stay connected with your ultimate focus - your customer.

Transform your backlog into a meaningful picture of work to gain context for sprint and version planning, backlog refinement, and user story mapping.

Stay focused on your customers

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